Publish to artifactory step successfully uploads the artifacts to the repo and also the build info is published after the build.

When accessing artifactory and having a look at the build which was created, the artifacts of the published modules do not show the repository path.

Artifactory adds properites to the artifacts which point back to the build they were uploaded with.

REST API: https://www.jfrog.com/confluence/display/RTF/Artifactory+REST+API#ArtifactoryRESTAPI-SetItemProperties

So for each uploaded artifact a call like
PUT /api/storage/<yourrepo>/<your path to artifact>?properties=build.name=root%3Eyour%3Econfig|build.number=<your build version>
would be required to create the full mapping between build and artifacts.